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Heraldry in its broad meaning had to do with the functions of a herald whose duty it was to announce tournaments, to carry messages from one manor to another and to record the various insignia born by individuals.  Heraldry arose almost spontaneously in the 12th century, coinciding with the development of armor, around the time of the crusades.  In battle, a knight clad in armor from head to toe would barely recognize friend from foe.  When a warriors face became invisible behind closed helmets, a new method of instant recognition became necessary.  Changes in methods of warfare also demanded instant recognition.  This resulted in distinctive insignia being painted on his shield and embroidered on his surcoat, which were the only means by which the warrior could be identified.  It is generally accepted that these innovations led to the beginnings of heraldry.  Enter the Coat of Arms.  Search for your name in the box above.